13 Lug Report No.1 – SiGeCo DON
1 Introduction
This Report analyzes the data collected by Agro-meteorological stations and the agronomic surveys carried out to monitor and study the development of Fusarium responsible for the FHB.
2 Methodology
The work is characterised by the following steps:
- Monitor data from agro-meteorological stations
- Compare data from agro-meteorological stations and ARPAV climate data in order to analyze the climatic information needed to determine the context within the pathogen develops
- Identify the areas that have been most vulnerable to the pathogen
- Analyse the contamination status of the Fusarium. We compare the information provided by the software and the agronomic surveys
- Estimate the level of contamination of DON
3 Monitoring
Rainfall
Comparing the rainfall data collected by the 15 SiGeCo DON stations located in the territory and the average rainfall data in Veneto for the period 1993-2015 (data validated by ARPAV), we verify a decrease in rainfall in April 2018 and May 2018. Furthermore, there is a further decrease in rain, even compared to the year 2016.
| MONTH | Rainfall average in 1993-2015 (mm) | Rainfall average in 2016 (mm) |
| Aprile | 93,122 | 59 |
| Maggio | 106,674 | 167,1 |
Table 1: data validated by ARPAV
| SiGeCo DON Stations | April 2018 – SiGeCo DON data (mm) | Rainfall variation from the Veneto average 1993-2015 April | Rainfall variation in Veneto from April 2016 | May 2018 – SiGeCo DON data | Rainfall variation from the Veneto average 1993-2015 May | Rainfall variation in Veneto from April 2016 |
| Porto Tolle | 14,2 | -85% | -76% | 83,2 | -22% | -50% |
| Adria | 19,2 | -79% | -67% | 60 | -44% | -64% |
| Villadose | 11 | -88% | -81% | 91,2 | -15% | -45% |
| Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo | 19,8 | -79% | -66% | 45,6 | -57% | -73% |
| Lendinara | 19,8 | -79% | -66% | 48,6 | -54% | -71% |
| Canaro | 17 | -82% | -71% | 62 | -42% | -63% |
| Baruchella | 22 | -76% | -63% | 67,4 | -37% | -60% |
| Castelbaldo | 24,6 | -74% | -58% | 61,4 | -42% | -63% |
| Stanghella | 18,6 | -80% | -68% | 54,4 | -49% | -67% |
| Correzzola | 19,2 | -79% | -67% | 51 | -52% | -69% |
| Piove di Sacco | 15,2 | -84% | -74% | 50,4 | -53% | -70% |
| Legnaro | 20,6 | -78% | -65% | 88,2 | -17% | -47% |
| Cartura | 14,4 | -85% | -76% | 70 | -34% | -58% |
| Cavarzere | 15 | -84% | -75% | 58 | -46% | -65% |
| Mirano | 19,6 | -79% | -67% | 82,6 | -23% | -51% |
Table 2 : Rainfall data (mm) from SiGeCo DON stations and variations (%) from the average data 1993-2015 and from 2016; referred to April and May
Some data:
The average variation of SiGeCo DON data from the average of the period 1993 – 2015 is:
- April: – 81%
- May: – 69%
It is noted that in the area of Villadose – in April – the rainfall detected is 11mm, resulting to be the location with less precipitation while Castelbaldo is the place where it rained more with 24.6 mm
Graph 1: precipitation (mm) in April 2018 divided by weeks
Graph 2: precipitation (mm) in May 2018, divided by weeks
In May we also find a decrease in precipitation compared to Veneto’s average for the period 1993-2015. Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo had less rainfall 45.6 mm than Villadose where it rained 91.2 mm.
Temperature
Regarding the temperature variation we compared the 1994-2017 average referred to April and May of 5 ARPAV stations located in Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo, Legnaro, Villadose and Cavarzere with our data 2018 detected by SiGeCo DON stations located in the same areas. However, the fifth ARPAV is in Rosolina and our is located in Porto Tolle, both circumscribed in the Po Delta.
The analysis of the data shows a general increase in temperature compared to the average for the period 1994-2017 in April and May.
| ARPAV stations | April average 1994 – 2017 (°C) | May average 1994 – 2017 (°C) |
| Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo | 13,5 | 18,5 |
| Legnaro | 7,9 | 12,6 |
| Villadose | 7,5 | 12,4 |
| Cavarzere | 8,4 | 13,1 |
| Rosolina | 8,2 | 12,9 |
Table 3: ARPAV data of the average temperature of the period 1994-2017, referred to April and May. Data collected by the stations in: Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo, Legnaro Villadose, Cavarzere and Rosolina
| SiGeCo DON stations | April 2018 (°C) | May 2018 (°C) |
| Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo | 16 | 20 |
| Legnaro | 16,6 | 20,2 |
| Villadose | 16,71 | 20 |
| Cavarzere | 16,08 | 20,2 |
| Porto Tolle | 15,96 | 20,2 |
Table 4: SiGeCo DON data referred to the detected temperature in April 2018 and May 2018. Data collected by the stations in: Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo, Legnaro Villadose, Cavarzere and Porto Tolle
| Comparing the stations | variations of the detected temperature (SiGeCo DON data) from the April average 1994 – 2017 | variations of the detected temperature (SiGeCo DON data) from the April average 1994 – 2017 |
| Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo | 19% | 8% |
| Legnaro | 110% | 60% |
| Villadose | 123% | 61% |
| Cavarzere | 91% | 54% |
| Porto Tolle / Rosolina | 95% | 57% |
Table 5: variation of SiGeCo DON data in 2018 from the average temperature of period 1994-2017, referred to April and May. Data compared to the stations of: Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo, Legnaro Villadose, Cavarzere and Rosolina / Porto Tolle
Relative Humidity
Maintaining the same comparison method used for temperatures, it is found that Relative Humidity remains almost unchanged.
| ARPAV stations | April average 1994 – 2017 | May average 1994 – 2017 |
| Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo | 76 | 74 |
| Legnaro | 77 | 74 |
| Villadose | 75 | 73 |
| Cavarzere | 78 | 75 |
| Rosolina | 78 | 75 |
Table 6: ARPAV data of the average HR of the period 1994-2017, referred to April and May. Data collected by the stations in: Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo, Legnaro Villadose, Cavarzere and Rosolina
| SiGeCo DON stations | April 2018 | May 2018 |
| Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo | 75,6 | 74,3 |
| Legnaro | 71,1 | 70 |
| Villadose | 72,6 | 72,9 |
| Cavarzere | 72,9 | 70,9 |
| Porto Tolle | 75,9 | 74,5 |
Table 7: SiGeCo DON data referred to the detected RH in April 2018 and May 2018. Data collected by the stations in: Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo, Legnaro Villadose, Cavarzere and Porto Tolle
| Comparing the stations | Variation of the detected RH (SiGeCo DON data) from the April average 1994 – 2017 | Variation of the detected RH (SiGeCo DON data) from the May average 1994 – 2017 |
| Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo | -1% | 0% |
| Legnaro | -8% | -5% |
| Villadose | -3% | 0% |
| Cavarzere | -7% | -5% |
| Porto Tolle / Rosolina | -3% | -1% |
Table 8: variation of SiGeCo DON data in 2018 from the average HR of period 1994-2017, referred to April and May. Data compared to the stations of: Sant’Apollinare di Rovigo, Legnaro Villadose, Cavarzere and Rosolina / Porto Tolle
4. On-site inspections
From monitoring grain crops in the areas next to the stations, we found a strong presence of Fusarium.
The extent of the attack varies according to the varietal sensitivity, the agronomic technique adopted and the phenological stage of the culture itself.
The varieties of durum wheat are on average more sensitive but a significant presence has also been noted on some varieties of soft wheat that normally is considered resistant.
Currently it is not possible to predict how this fungus will evolve. Climatic conditions can stop or enhance the development of the Fusarium and therefore also influence the presence of DON.
5. FUTURE INITIATIVES
In the next weeks monitoring will be continued in order to verify the development of the fungus, followed by pre-harvest sampling to evaluate the possible risk of contamination by Deoxynivalenol-DON. We will inform you about future feedback.
dott. Dario Gasparin
Consorzio Maiscoltori Cerealicoltori Polesani
dott. Agr. Enrico Costa
A.I.R.E.S.
Translation by Dario Gasparin